Midterm Review True/False

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Midterm Review

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 1. A scientific law is an explanation of things or events based on observations.

____ 2. The theory that living things come only from other living things is called biogenesis.

____ 3. A theory is the same as a hypothesis.

____ 4. Pasteur showed that living things do not come from nonliving materials.

____ 5. All the changes that organisms undergo as they grow are called growth.

____ 6. Spontaneous generation is the evolutionary history of an organism.

____ 7. A variable is the factor that is tested in an experiment.

____ 8. A stimulus causes a change or response in an organism.

Figure 9-1

____ 9. Plant A in Figure 9-1 is a monocot.

____ 10. Plant B in Figure 9-1 is a monocot.

____ 11. Plant C in Figure 9-1 is a nonvascular plant.

____ 12. Plant D in Figure 9-1 is a dicot.

____ 13. Plant E in Figure 9-1 is a monocot.

____ 14. All flowers are large and brightly colored.

____ 15. Most flowers that open at night have strong scents.

____ 16. Some flowers have no smell.

____ 17. Asexual reproduction of a plant produces many different-looking forms of that plant.

____ 18. Female cones may stay on a gymnosperm plant for more than one year.

____ 19. The sporophyte stage of a plant's life cycle has structures made of diploid cells.

____ 20. Spores are part of the gametophyte stage of a plant's life cycle.

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 21. What type of field guide would be the easiest and most efficient to use?

a.	encyclopedia with phylum names only
b.	dichotomous key
c.	Aristotle system
d.	encyclopedia with species names only

____ 22. Which is NOT a function of a dichotomous key?

a.	avoid errors in communication
b.	organisms with similar evolutionary histories are classified together
c.	give descriptive information
d.	more difficult to find and identify species

____ 23. The first name of the organism's scientific name is the ____.

a.	species	c.	genus
b.	family	d.	order

____ 24. Scientific names of organisms consist of ____.

a.	genus and specific name	c.	family and genus
b.	order and family	d.	class and order

____ 25. The classification system most commonly used today separates organisms into ____ kingdoms.

a.	three	c.	five
b.	four	d.	six

____ 26. Of the following, which would NOT be grouped with the others?

a.	blue jeans	c.	sweat pants
b.	shorts	d.	sweatshirt

____ 27. Dichotomous keys are divided into steps with ____ descriptions at each step.

a.	two	c.	five
b.	three	d.	four

____ 28. Linnaeus's system gave how many names to each organism?

a.	two	c.	one
b.	three	d.	four

____ 29. If you know an insect is a butterfly but don't know its scientific name, it would be best to use a(n) ____ to find out.

a.	dictionary	c.	biology textbook
b.	encyclopedia	d.	dichotomous key

____ 30. The theory that living things come only from other living things is called ____.

a.	adaptation	c.	spontaneous generation
b.	biogenesis	d.	homeostasis

____ 31. The belief that living things come from nonliving things is called ____.

a.	biogenesis	c.	homeostasis
b.	respiration	d.	spontaneous generation

____ 32. To solve a problem, scientists follow a series of steps called ____.

a.	a dichotomous key	c.	classifications
b.	scientific methods	d.	Systems or Units

____ 33. Growth of many-celled organisms is mostly due to an increase in the ____ of cells.

a.	size	c.	number
b.	protons	d.	all of the above

____ 34. Of the following, which is NOT a vascular plant?

a.	moss	c.	fern
b.	pine tree	d.	horsetail

____ 35. Ancient seedless plants compacted and eventually turned into the ____ we use today.

a.	coal	c.	minerals
b.	oil	d.	rubber

____ 36. Of following, which is NOT an adaptation plants made to life on land?

a.	cell walls	c.	more complex reproduction
b.	a cuticle	d.	cell membrane

____ 37. Of the following, which is NOT a characteristics of plants?

a.	have cell walls	c.	range in height
b.	have roots	d.	live only on land

____ 38. Scientists think that plants evolved directly from ____.

a.	animals	c.	bacteria
b.	mosses	d.	green algae

____ 39. Nonvascular plants include ____.

a.	ferns and horsetails	c.	liverworts and ferns
b.	horsetails and mosses	d.	mosses and liverworts

____ 40. Nonvascular plants have all of the following EXCEPT ____.

a.	flowers	c.	spores
b.	rhizoids	d.	cell walls

____ 41. Moss plants are held in place by threadlike structures called ____.

a.	dicots	c.	guard cells
b.	rhizoids	d.	vascular tissue

____ 42. The first plants to grow in new environments are usually ____.

a.	ferns and horsetails	c.	liverworts and mosses
b.	grasses	d.	mosses and ferns

____ 43. Ferns are the most abundant of the ____ plants.

a.	gymnosperm	c.	nonvascular
b.	seedless vascular	d.	vascular

____ 44. ____ have unique, jointed stem structures.

a.	Club mosses	c.	Horsetails
b.	Ferns	d.	Spike mosses

____ 45. Peat is actually the earliest stage of ____.

a.	coal	c.	petroleum
b.	natural gas	d.	petrified wood

____ 46. The oldest trees alive are the ____.

a.	angiosperms	c.	monocots
b.	gymnosperms	d.	dicots

____ 47. ____ is a chemical compound that forms tangled fibers in the cell walls of plants.

a.	Stomata	c.	Cellulose
b.	Cambium	d.	Cuticle

____ 48. Of the following, which is NOT an example of a seed plant?

a.	peanuts	c.	oranges
b.	peat moss	d.	wheat

____ 49. The most common type of plants on Earth is ____.

a.	angiosperms	c.	nonvascular plants
b.	gymnosperms	d.	seedless vascular plants

____ 50. Roots have all of the following functions EXCEPT to ____.

a.	anchor the plant	c.	store food
b.	absorb water	d.	make food

____ 51. Stems have all of these functions EXCEPT ____.

a.	storing food and water
b.	absorbing soil nutrients
c.	supporting the plant
d.	moving materials between leaves and roots

____ 52. The major function of leaves is to ____.

a.	make food	c.	transport
b.	store food	d.	absorb nutrients

____ 53. Of the following, which is NOT a gymnosperm?

a.	gingoes	c.	flowering plants
b.	cycads	d.	conifers

____ 54. ____, or the development of a seed into a new plant, begins when water is absorbed into the seed.

a.	Pollination	c.	Fertilization
b.	Germination	d.	none of the above

____ 55. Which of the following represents asexual reproduction of a plant?

a.	a sprouting acorn	c.	planting coleus clippings
b.	a fern growing from a prothallus	d.	a field of wheat

Completion

Complete each statement.

56. The theory that living things come only from other living things is known as ____________________.

57. A two-word name used to classify living things is ______________________________.

58. Anything an organism responds to is a(n) ____________________.

59. The ability to remain stable is called ____________________.

60. The smallest units of life are known as ____________________.

61. Another term for living things is ____________________.

62. The reaction of an organism to a stimulus is called a ____________________.

63. The ____________________ of an organism is its evolutionary history.

64. The ____________________ in an experiment is the standard used to compare with the outcome.

65. Mosses and liverworts that are among the first plants to inhabit a new environment are called ____________________ species.

66. Plants with vessels to transport water and nutrients are called ____________________ plants.

67. The primary difference between seedless vascular and nonvascular plants is that seedless vascular plants have ____________________ tissue.

68. All plants are many-celled, and most contain green pigment called ____________________.

Seedless Vascular Plants		Nonvascular Plants
Types	Characteristics	Types	Characteristics
A	C	mosses	H
club mosses	roots	F	stalks that look like stems
B	D	G	leaflike green growths
	E		I

Table 9-1

69. In Table 9-1, ____________________ are the missing data represented by A and B.

70. In Table 9-1, ______________________________ are the missing data represented by C, D, and E.

71. In Table 9-1, _________________________ are the missing data represented by F and G.

72. In Table 9-1, ______________________________ are the missing data represented by H and I.

73. Fern fronds grow from underground stems called ____________________.

74. A(n) ____________________ is a structure within a seed that stores food for plants like beans and peanuts.

Figure 10-1

75. Structure A in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.

76. Structure B in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.

77. Structure C in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.

78. Structure D in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.

79. Structure E in Figure 10-1 is a(n) ____________________.

Matching

Match each term with the correct definition below.

a.	rhizoids		e.	moss
b.	liverworts		f.	cuticle
c.	pioneer species		g.	bogs
d.		cellulose

____ 80. rootlike filaments made up of a few long cells

____ 81. are first to grow in new or disturbed areas

____ 82. means "herb for the liver"

____ 83. a waxy, protective layer on leaves of plants

____ 84. an organic compound found in plant cell walls

____ 85. a seedless, rootless plant with leaflike growths

____ 86. poorly drained areas with spongy, wet ground that is comprised mainly of dead and decaying plants

Match each term with the correct definition below.

a.	vascular plants	e.	palisade layer
b.	stomata	f.	xylem
c.	phloem	g.	guard cells
d.	spongy layer	h.	cambium

____ 87. small pores on leaf surfaces allowing carbon dioxide in

____ 88. vessels that move food from leaves to other plant parts

____ 89. tissue that produces new xylem and phloem cells

____ 90. vessels that transport substances from the roots to other parts of the plant

____ 91. open and close stomata

____ 92. loosely arranged cell layer in the leaf

____ 93. closely packed cells under the epidermis of leaves

____ 94. plants that have tubelike structures for transporting substances

Match each term with the correct description below.

a.

gametophyte

b.

sporophyte

c.

meiosis

____ 95. process by which haploid cells are formed

____ 96. produces sex cells

____ 97. produces spores

Match each term with the correct letter in Figure 10-2.

Figure 10–2

____ 98. embryo

____ 99. sporophyte

____ 100. developing spores

____ 101. gametophytes

____ 102. sex cells

____ 103. zygote

Match each term with the correct description below.

a.

rhizome

b.

frond

c.

sori

____ 104. leaf of a fern

____ 105. underground stem of a fern

____ 106. spore-producing structures on the underside of a fern leaf

Match each term with the correct description below.

a.	ovary		i.	pistil
b.	endosperm		j.	pollen grains
c.	sepals		k.	seed coat
d.	stamen		l.	style
e.	pollination		m.	stigma
f.	pollen tube		n.	ovules
g.	flower		o.	anther
h.		filament

____ 107. grows from a pollen grain to an ovule

____ 108. female reproductive organ of a flower

____ 109. the stalk part of the stamen

____ 110. tissue in wheat seed where food is stored

____ 111. where pollen grains form

____ 112. contains the reproductive organ of an angiosperm

____ 113. has a water-resistant covering and gametophyte parts that can produce sperm

____ 114. small, green, leaflike parts that cover flower buds

____ 115. transfer of pollen grains from stamen to ovules

____ 116. male reproductive organ of a flower

____ 117. protects the embryo

____ 118. where the eggs of gymnosperms and angiosperms are produced

____ 119. the part of the pistil between the ovary and stigma

____ 120. where pollination takes place

____ 121. swollen base of pistil where ovules form

Midterm Review

Answer Section

TRUE/FALSE

1. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

STA: 6-1.2

2. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

3. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

4. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

5. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/2

6. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/3

7. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

8. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

STA: 6-2.1 | 6-3.4 | 6-3.6

9. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 9/3

STA: 6-2.3

10. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 9/3

STA: 6-2.3

11. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 3/1

STA: 6-2.3

12. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 9/3

STA: 6-2.3

13. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 9/3

STA: 6-2.3

14. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3

STA: 6-2.4

15. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3

STA: 6-2.4

16. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3

STA: 6-2.4

17. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

STA: 6-2.6

18. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

STA: 6-2.3

19. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/1

STA: 6-2.5

20. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 2/1

STA: 6-2.5

MULTIPLE CHOICE

21. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 10/4

STA: 6-1.3

22. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 10/4

STA: 6-1.3

23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 9/4

STA: 6-2.2

24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 9/4

STA: 6-2.2

25. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 9/4

STA: 6-2.2

26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/4

STA: 6-1.3

27. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 10/4

STA: 6-1.3

28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/4

STA: 6-2.2

29. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 10/4

STA: 6-1.3

30. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

31. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/3

32. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

33. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.1

34. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.3

35. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2

36. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/1

STA: 6-2.4

37. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

STA: 6-2.3

38. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

39. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.3

40. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.3

41. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.3

42. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2

43. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.3

44. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2

STA: 6-2.3

45. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2

46. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/3

STA: 6-2.3

47. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/1

STA: 6-2.3

48. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

STA: 6-2.3

49. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/3

STA: 6-2.3

50. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3

STA: 6-2.3

51. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3

STA: 6-2.3

52. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3

STA: 6-2.3 | 6-2.7

53. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/3

STA: 6-2.3

54. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

STA: 6-2.5

55. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

STA: 6-2.6

COMPLETION

56. ANS: biogenesis

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/3

57. ANS: binomial nomenclature

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 9/4 STA: 6-2.2

58. ANS: stimulus

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: 6-2.1 | 6-3.4 | 6-3.6

59. ANS: homeostasis

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: 6-2.1

60. ANS: cells

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/2

61. ANS: organisms

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

62. ANS: response

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1 STA: 6-2.1 | 6-3.4 | 6-3.6

63. ANS: phylogeny

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/4

64. ANS: control

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1

65. ANS: pioneer

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2

66. ANS: vascular

PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1 STA: 6-2.3

67. ANS: vascular